Word Source: World Currency 3: Africa

Here is a brief list of distinct currencies of Africa. Note that Africa is historically complicated, being subjected to centuries of foreign imperialism. CENTIMES and FRANCS were/are used in many African nations which were once French colonies. LIRA in Italian areas, ESCUDOS in Portuguese areas, PESOS in Spanish areas. And variations of DINARS closer to the Arab states.

ANGOLAR- plural ANGOLARES- (Angola, 100 cents or 20 macutas)
ARIARY- (Madagascar, 5 francs/iraimbilanja)
BIRR (Ethiopia, 100 santim)
BUTUT (Gambia)
CAURI (Guinea)
CEDI (Ghana, 100 pesewas)
DALASI (Gambia, 4 shillings or 100 bututs)
EKUELE var EKWELE- (Equatorial Guinea)
IRAIMBILANJA (Madagascar), really, a search said it is valid in the Scrabble US/Canada dictionaries.
KHOUM (Mauritania)
KOBO (Nigeria)
KWACHA (Malawi, 100 tambala; Zambia, 100 ngwee)
KWANZA (Angola)
LEONE (Sierra Leone, 100 cents)
LILANGENI plural EMALANGENI (Swaziland, 100 cents)
LOTI plural MALOTI (Lesotho, 100 lesente)
MACUTA- (Angola)
METICA plural METICAS, replaced by METICAL plural METICAIS (Mozambique, 100 cents)
NAIRA (Nigeria, 100 kobo)
NAKFA (Eritrea, 100 cents)
NGWEE plural NGWEE (Zambia)
OUGUIYA (Mauritania, 5 khouims)
PESEWA (Ghana)
RAND (South Africa, 100 cents)
SANTIM- (Ethiopia)
SENTE plural LISENTE (Lesotho)
SYLI (Guinea, 100 cauris)
TAMBALA (Malawi)

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RULY, RECK, and RobWords

There is a certain amount of linguistic Zen that comes from playing simple word unscrambler games, spinning around the question of why some words are accepted and others are not. A few nights back we played UNRULY, and for fun, I tried RULY on a whim, and the game accepted it, when I know other games have rejected it. I tried explaining it to Anne. It felt like a word to me, and it's in Merriam-Webster with the same example I thought of at the time: "I have seen some ruly crowds." It turns out that MW has a fascinating story about these two words, see here . "Ruly" did exist for centuries, got replaced by UNRULY, only to come back as a back-formation from UNRULY to fill the gap it once filled. It turns out that these cases are considered "Lost positives", words where the positive root word has faded from usage while the negation of the word is still going strong. Here is a video from RobWords that gives a good overview. I have been enjoy...

why not SQUUUSH?

There is a strange and cartoony clump of words centered around SQUISH, or the idea or sound of squishing things. This includes SQUUSH, SQUSH, and SQUOOSH, and an Ngram view of these shows all kinds of ups and downs in the noise of word history ... The first of these to appear was SQUSH, around 1830, and it was used in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, chapter 29. SQUUSH came about in 1850, peaked well below the others in 1970 and is headed down to obscurity these days, while SQUOOSH first gets a blip around 1880 and had a big upturn from 1950 to 2010, but it now sinking as, much to my surprise, SQUSH is taking off. Since these are all verbs, they have the full range of strange-looking endings which would be fun for a Scrabble night: SQUUSHED, SQUUSHES, SQUUSHING, SQUSHED, SQUSHES, SQUSHING, SQUOOSHED, SQUOOSHES, SQUOOSHING and can be turned into adjectives as SQUSHY, SQUUSHY and SQUOOSHY. OMG, it's never ending, there are comparative versions SQUSHIER, SQUUSHIER, SQUOOSHI...

Poor Frankenstein

Names can get mixed up, too. Real or fictional people can become legends, or end up garbled and forgotten. A classic case is poor Frankenstein. If you're picturing the big lumbering monster with the bolts in his neck ... oops. Frankenstein was the doctor who created the monster. The monster was simply known as "the monster" or "Frankenstein's Monster." Strangely, "Franken-" has become a prefix on its own. I've heard big ugly things named that way, from a Frankencouch to a Frankenpuppy. I wonder if this was urged along by the old FrankenBerry cereal? Sure is a weird thing to make a prefix out of, especially considering the original Franken- thing was not a monster, but a mad scientist. Now, where does Al Franken fit into all this?

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